Smart agricultural dry goods, all-round interpretation of the construction of intelligent greenhouses.

The intelligent greenhouse is an intelligent upgrade on the basis of the original greenhouse. The intelligent greenhouse system developed by using the technology and hardware equipment of the agricultural Internet of things can realize the intelligent management of the greenhouse and further play the role of the greenhouse in the growth of crops. The intelligent greenhouse system supports the transformation and upgrading of the original greenhouse, and can also be applied to all kinds of new greenhouses, such as film greenhouse, glass greenhouse, etc.

Construction Standards

Greenhouse should be built in a place where transportation is convenient, the terrain is flat and open, the drainage is convenient, there are reservoirs, rivers or groundwater is abundant, the terrain is high and dry, the ground water level is below 0.5 meters, and the soil is deep and fat.

In the construction of greenhouse, attention should be paid to the interval between the two rows of columns in the greenhouse. The interval should be as small as possible, which should be about 80cm. Only an east-west cement ditch and pedestrian road should be built in the middle. The east and west sheds are 0.8-2 meters apart, and there is a small ditch over 800cm wide in the center. The distance between the two sheds in the north and the south is about 3-5 meters, which is used for digging ditches, installing water supply pipelines and building traffic distances. The spacing of the greenhouse should not be less than the width of a greenhouse.

Regarding the location of greenhouses, soil is an important source of nutrients for crops. Attention should be paid to the content of soil organic matter. It is recommended to regularly test the soil before building greenhouses. If the content of soil organic matter is not enough, it can be supplemented in advance. The cleaning of soil environment is also particularly important in the planting process such as the seedbed stage of the crop planting area.

The orientation of the greenhouse has a great influence on the heat storage capacity in the greenhouse, which is very important for the solar greenhouse. The north-south or slightly southwest orientation is better, that is, the north-south is the length of the greenhouse and the east-west is the width of the shed, which is convenient for heat accumulation.

At the same time, the basic requirements for the construction of greenhouse types should also be considered. For example, the bottom of the foundation in glass greenhouse should generally be more than 0.5 meters lower than the outdoor ground. According to climate and soil conditions, the distance between the top surface of the foundation and the outdoor ground should be more than 0.1 meters. In addition to special requirements, the distance between the top surface of the foundation and the indoor ground should be more than 0.4 meters. The external pressure depth of the film in the film greenhouse, etc.

Covering material

The film covering material is selected as a special plastic film for the construction of facility agricultural production, and its light transmittance, heat preservation, tensile strength and aging resistance are better than ordinary agricultural film.

Glass is divided into ultra-white rolling glass and ordinary transparent glass, the advantage is high light transmittance, can reach about 90%, long service life, fire prevention, corrosion resistance. The difference between ultra-white calendered glass and ordinary glass is that its light enters the room with diffuse reflection and will not cause direct emission to indoor crops. The disadvantage is that the ability to resist hail natural disasters is poor, the construction and installation are cumbersome, and the top waterproof needs to be done well.

PC sunshine board is polycarbonate as the main raw material, double hollow transparent plastic sheet. The advantages are double-layer hollow, good thermal insulation performance, strong impact resistance, light weight 1.5kg per square meter, convenient construction and installation, and moderate bending. The disadvantage is that plastic products have a service life. The 8mm national standard plate is a ten-year plate. The light transmittance is insufficient compared with glass, and the light transmittance will decrease year by year.

Skeleton Selection

Skeleton is an important part to ensure the subsequent use effect of greenhouse. Commonly used skeleton types include bamboo skeleton, resin greenhouse skeleton, string greenhouse skeleton, cement greenhouse skeleton, etc. Different skeleton types have different effects.

The framework structure of the greenhouse is a triangular stable structure principle. Two supporting pieces are used to fix the inner chord and the outer chord through screws and screw nuts. The outer chord and the inner chord are open C- shaped steel frames, which are bent into beam frames and are the supporting core of the overall weight of the greenhouse. The greenhouse structure is stable and reliable, and the processing thickness is generally 2-3mm according to the specifications.

The cement greenhouse skeleton is mainly made of cold drawn wire, concrete, straw rope, etc., and is produced by using molds at the same time, with high strength and good aging resistance. Concrete is very brittle, handling and installation is very inconvenient, and need to be made by hand, the labor intensity is very high, not suitable for large-scale promotion.

Sunlight board greenhouse skeleton using steel skeleton, there are some manufacturers use a few words of steel as a herringbone skeleton.

The top glass-covered frame can be an all-aluminum profile frame, or a steel herringbone frame can be used, which is combined with the style of the glass three-piece set.

In short, comprehensively consider the advantages and disadvantages of various types of greenhouses, comprehensive cost performance, actual needs, etc., choose an acceptable suitable greenhouse type, and then proceed to the next step.